viii
■Contents
1.6.10
Vaccine
10
1.6.11
Challenges and Conclusions
10
Chapter
2 ■Concepts of Best Management Practices for Intergrated Pest,
Mosquito, and Vector Management
13
Rui-De Xue* and Tong-Yan Zhao
2.1
INTRODUCTION
13
2.2
CONTROL METHODS/TOOLS
14
2.2.1
Immature Stage Control
14
2.2.2
Adult Control
15
2.3
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)
15
2.4
INTEGRATED MOSQUITO MANAGEMENT (IMM)
16
2.5
INTEGRATED VECTOR MANAGEMENT (IVM)
18
2.6
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE (BMP)
19
2.7
SUMMARY
19
Chapter
3 ■Overview of Personal Protection Measures Through the
Innovative Use of Repellent-Textiles
21
Chinazom Enukoha, Sahar Hassandoust , and Asghar Talbalaghi*
3.1
INTRODUCTION
22
3.2
INNOVATIVE VECTOR CONTROL
23
3.3
INSECT REPELLENT MODE OF ACTION
25
3.4
TEXTILE AND PERSONAL PROTECTION
26
3.5
IMPREGNATION OF TEXTILE
27
3.6
EVALUATION OF REPELLENTS
27
3.7
MEASURING THE ENTOMOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF
TEXTILES
29
3.7.1
Open field, Italian Mosquito Control Association Alessandria
Italy, 2019
29
3.7.2
Laboratory test at Anastasia Mosquito Control District St.
Augustine, Florida, USA 2020
30
3.7.2.1
Measuring the efficacy of textile samples already
treated for arm test
31
3.7.2.2
Measuring the efficacy of textile samples treated with
2 types of micro spraying treatment before the test
32
3.7.2.3
Measuring the efficacy of textile samples already
treated for glove test (Figures 3.7 and 3.8)
33
3.7.2.4
Evaluation of lotions of botanical-based repellents
33